[Dbix-class] RFC: Round two for UNIQUE constraints

Daniel Westermann-Clark daniel at acceleration.net
Mon Jan 23 04:08:03 CET 2006


On 2006-01-22 15:45:50 +0000, Matt S Trout wrote:
> I think the constraints should be named, since everything else is.

Take a gander at the attached patch.  It lets you name constraints:

  __PACKAGE__->add_unique_constraint(artist_title => [ qw/artist title/ ]);

Calling set_primary_key automatically adds a unique constraint named
'primary'.

By default update_or_create operates on all unique constraints for
which values are specified.

Alternatively when you do a find, find_or_create, or update_or_create,
you can specify a key attribute:

  my $cd = $schema->resultset('CD')->update_or_create(
    {
      artist => $artistid,
      title  => $title,
      year   => 2007,
    },
    { key => 'artist_title' }
  );

The changes are tested in 20unique.tl; everything passes here.

-- 
Daniel Westermann-Clark
-------------- next part --------------
Auto-merging (0, 4415) /local/DBIx-Class to /mirror/bast/branches/DBIx-Class-resultset (base /mirror/bast/branches/DBIx-Class-resultset:4410).
Patching locally against mirror source http://dev.catalyst.perl.org/repos/bast.
A   t/run/20unique.tl
A   t/helperrels/20unique.t
U   t/lib/DBICTest/Schema/CD.pm
U   lib/DBIx/Class/ResultSourceInstance.pm
U   lib/DBIx/Class/ResultSet.pm
U   lib/DBIx/Class/ResultSource.pm
==== Patch <-> level 1
Source: 20164c6d-cd09-0410-925d-b4c4e616b846:/local/DBIx-Class:4415
Target: bd8105ee-0ff8-0310-8827-fb3f25b6796d:/branches/DBIx-Class-resultset:549
        (http://dev.catalyst.perl.org/repos/bast)
Log:
 r4375 at fortuna:  dwc | 2006-01-21 19:38:25 -0500
 
 r4376 at fortuna:  dwc | 2006-01-21 20:13:17 -0500
 First pass at UNIQUE constraints
 r4382 at fortuna:  dwc | 2006-01-21 20:58:40 -0500
 Create the row directly
 r4383 at fortuna:  dwc | 2006-01-21 21:18:38 -0500
 Add basic test
 r4384 at fortuna:  dwc | 2006-01-21 21:23:56 -0500
 Spacing
 r4404 at fortuna:  dwc | 2006-01-22 12:43:39 -0500
 Spacing
 r4405 at fortuna:  dwc | 2006-01-22 13:34:22 -0500
 - Name unique constraints (primary key is automatically added as 'primary')
 - Change update_or_create to take a 'key' attribute; by default it operates on all unique constraints
 - Update tests to test named unique constraints
 r4412 at fortuna:  dwc | 2006-01-22 18:43:13 -0500
 Add key attribute to find and find_or_create
 r4413 at fortuna:  dwc | 2006-01-22 18:44:04 -0500
 Fix syntax
 r4414 at fortuna:  dwc | 2006-01-22 20:44:09 -0500
 Add examples of find, find_or_create, and update_or_create
 r4415 at fortuna:  dwc | 2006-01-22 21:48:57 -0500
 Spacing

=== t/run/20unique.tl
==================================================================
--- t/run/20unique.tl	(revision 549)
+++ t/run/20unique.tl	(patch - level 1)
@@ -0,0 +1,74 @@
+sub run_tests {
+my $schema = shift;
+
+plan tests => 18;
+
+my $artistid = 1;
+my $title    = 'UNIQUE Constraint';
+
+my $cd1 = $schema->resultset('CD')->find_or_create({
+  artist => $artistid,
+  title  => $title,
+  year   => 2005,
+});
+
+my $cd2 = $schema->resultset('CD')->find(
+  {
+    artist => $artistid,
+    title  => $title,
+  },
+  { key => 'artist_title' }
+);
+
+is($cd2->get_column('artist'), $cd1->get_column('artist'), 'find by specific key: artist is correct');
+is($cd2->title, $cd1->title, 'title is correct');
+is($cd2->year, $cd1->year, 'year is correct');
+
+my $cd3 = $schema->resultset('CD')->update_or_create(
+  {
+    artist => $artistid,
+    title  => $title,
+    year   => 2007,
+  },
+);
+
+ok(! $cd3->is_changed, 'update_or_create without key: row is clean');
+is($cd3->cdid, $cd2->cdid, 'cdid is correct');
+is($cd3->get_column('artist'), $cd2->get_column('artist'), 'artist is correct');
+is($cd3->title, $cd2->title, 'title is correct');
+is($cd3->year, 2007, 'updated year is correct');
+
+my $cd4 = $schema->resultset('CD')->update_or_create(
+  {
+    artist => $artistid,
+    title  => $title,
+    year   => 2007,
+  },
+  { key => 'artist_title' }
+);
+
+ok(! $cd4->is_changed, 'update_or_create by specific key: row is clean');
+is($cd4->cdid, $cd2->cdid, 'cdid is correct');
+is($cd4->get_column('artist'), $cd2->get_column('artist'), 'artist is correct');
+is($cd4->title, $cd2->title, 'title is correct');
+is($cd4->year, 2007, 'updated year is correct');
+
+my $cd5 = $schema->resultset('CD')->update_or_create(
+  {
+    cdid   => $cd2->cdid,
+    artist => 1,
+    title  => $cd2->title,
+    year   => 2005,
+  },
+  { key => 'primary' }
+);
+
+ok(! $cd5->is_changed, 'update_or_create by PK: row is clean');
+is($cd5->cdid, $cd2->cdid, 'cdid is correct');
+is($cd5->get_column('artist'), $cd2->get_column('artist'), 'artist is correct');
+is($cd5->title, $cd2->title, 'title is correct');
+is($cd5->year, 2005, 'updated year is correct');
+
+}
+
+1;
=== t/helperrels/20unique.t
==================================================================
--- t/helperrels/20unique.t	(revision 549)
+++ t/helperrels/20unique.t	(patch - level 1)
@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+use Test::More;
+use lib qw(t/lib);
+use DBICTest;
+use DBICTest::HelperRels;
+
+require "t/run/20unique.tl";
+run_tests(DBICTest->schema);
=== t/lib/DBICTest/Schema/CD.pm
==================================================================
--- t/lib/DBICTest/Schema/CD.pm	(revision 549)
+++ t/lib/DBICTest/Schema/CD.pm	(patch - level 1)
@@ -5,5 +5,6 @@
 DBICTest::Schema::CD->table('cd');
 DBICTest::Schema::CD->add_columns(qw/cdid artist title year/);
 DBICTest::Schema::CD->set_primary_key('cdid');
+DBICTest::Schema::CD->add_unique_constraint(artist_title => [ qw/artist title/ ]);
 
 1;
=== lib/DBIx/Class/ResultSourceInstance.pm
==================================================================
--- lib/DBIx/Class/ResultSourceInstance.pm	(revision 549)
+++ lib/DBIx/Class/ResultSourceInstance.pm	(patch - level 1)
@@ -35,6 +35,9 @@
 sub set_primary_key { shift->result_source_instance->set_primary_key(@_); }     
 sub primary_columns { shift->result_source_instance->primary_columns(@_); }
 
+sub add_unique_constraint { shift->result_source_instance->add_unique_constraint(@_); }     
+sub unique_constraints { shift->result_source_instance->unique_constraints(@_); }
+
 sub add_relationship {
   my ($class, $rel, @rest) = @_;
   my $source = $class->result_source_instance;
=== lib/DBIx/Class/ResultSet.pm
==================================================================
--- lib/DBIx/Class/ResultSet.pm	(revision 549)
+++ lib/DBIx/Class/ResultSet.pm	(patch - level 1)
@@ -16,8 +16,8 @@
 
 =head1 SYNOPSIS
 
-my $rs = MyApp::DB::Class->search(registered => 1);
-my @rows = MyApp::DB::Class->search(foo => 'bar');
+  my $rs = MyApp::DB::Class->search(registered => 1);
+  my @rows = MyApp::DB::Class->search(foo => 'bar');
 
 =head1 DESCRIPTION
 
@@ -93,12 +93,12 @@
 
 =head2 search
 
-  my @obj    = $rs->search({ foo => 3 }); # "... WHERE foo = 3"              
-  my $new_rs = $rs->search({ foo => 3 });                                    
-                                                                                
+  my @obj    = $rs->search({ foo => 3 }); # "... WHERE foo = 3"
+  my $new_rs = $rs->search({ foo => 3 });
+
 If you need to pass in additional attributes but no additional condition,
 call it as ->search(undef, \%attrs);
-                                                                                
+
   my @all = $class->search({}, { cols => [qw/foo bar/] }); # "SELECT foo, bar FROM $class_table"
 
 =cut
@@ -128,12 +128,13 @@
   return (wantarray ? $rs->all : $rs);
 }
 
-=head2 search_literal                                                              
+=head2 search_literal
+
   my @obj    = $rs->search_literal($literal_where_cond, @bind);
   my $new_rs = $rs->search_literal($literal_where_cond, @bind);
 
 Pass a literal chunk of SQL to be added to the conditional part of the
-resultset
+resultset.
 
 =cut
                                                          
@@ -144,25 +145,57 @@
   return $self->search(\$cond, $attrs);
 }
 
-=head2 find(@colvalues), find(\%cols)
+=head2 find(@colvalues), find(\%cols, \%attrs?)
 
-Finds a row based on its primary key(s).                                        
+Finds a row based on its primary key or unique constraint. For example:
 
-=cut                                                                            
+  # In your table class
+  package MyApp::Schema::CD;
 
+  __PACKAGE__->table('cd');
+  __PACKAGE__->add_columns(qw/cdid artist title year/);
+  __PACKAGE__->set_primary_key('cdid');
+  __PACKAGE__->add_unique_constraint(artist_title => [ qw/artist title/ ]);
+
+  1;
+
+  # In your application
+  my $cd = $schema->resultset('CD')->find(5);
+
+Also takes an optional C<key> attribute, to search by a specific key or unique
+constraint. For example:
+
+  my $cd = $schema->resultset('CD')->find_or_create(
+    {
+      artist => 'Massive Attack',
+      title  => 'Mezzanine',
+    },
+    { key => 'artist_title' }
+  );
+
+=cut
+
 sub find {
   my ($self, @vals) = @_;
   my $attrs = (@vals > 1 && ref $vals[$#vals] eq 'HASH' ? pop(@vals) : {});
-  my @pk = $self->{source}->primary_columns;
-  #use Data::Dumper; warn Dumper($attrs, @vals, @pk);
-  $self->{source}->result_class->throw( "Can't find unless primary columns are defined" )
-    unless @pk;
+
+  my @cols = $self->{source}->primary_columns;
+  if (exists $attrs->{key}) {
+    my %uniq = $self->{source}->unique_constraints;
+    $self->( "Unknown key " . $attrs->{key} . " on " . $self->name )
+      unless exists $uniq{$attrs->{key}};
+    @cols = @{ $uniq{$attrs->{key}} };
+  }
+  #use Data::Dumper; warn Dumper($attrs, @vals, @cols);
+  $self->{source}->result_class->throw( "Can't find unless a primary key or unique constraint is defined" )
+    unless @cols;
+
   my $query;
   if (ref $vals[0] eq 'HASH') {
     $query = $vals[0];
-  } elsif (@pk == @vals) {
+  } elsif (@cols == @vals) {
     $query = {};
-    @{$query}{@pk} = @vals;
+    @{$query}{@cols} = @vals;
   } else {
     $query = {@vals};
   }
@@ -211,12 +244,12 @@
           $attrs->{where},$attrs);
 }
 
-=head2 search_like                                                               
-                                                                                
-Identical to search except defaults to 'LIKE' instead of '=' in condition       
-                                                                                
-=cut                                                                            
+=head2 search_like
 
+Identical to search except defaults to 'LIKE' instead of '=' in condition
+
+=cut
+
 sub search_like {
   my $class    = shift;
   my $attrs = { };
@@ -244,7 +277,7 @@
   return (wantarray ? $slice->all : $slice);
 }
 
-=head2 next 
+=head2 next
 
 Returns the next element in the resultset (undef is there is none).
 
@@ -435,7 +468,7 @@
 
 =head2 new_result(\%vals)
 
-Creates a result in the resultset's result class
+Creates a result in the resultset's result class.
 
 =cut
 
@@ -457,7 +490,7 @@
 
 =head2 create(\%vals)
 
-Inserts a record into the resultset and returns the object
+Inserts a record into the resultset and returns the object.
 
 Effectively a shortcut for ->new_result(\%vals)->insert
 
@@ -469,22 +502,122 @@
   return $self->new_result($attrs)->insert;
 }
 
-=head2 find_or_create(\%vals)
+=head2 find_or_create(\%vals, \%attrs?)
 
-  $class->find_or_create({ key => $val, ... });                                 
-                                                                                
+  $class->find_or_create({ key => $val, ... });
+
 Searches for a record matching the search condition; if it doesn't find one,    
 creates one and returns that instead.                                           
-                                                                                
+
+  # In your table class
+  package MyApp::Schema::CD;
+
+  __PACKAGE__->table('cd');
+  __PACKAGE__->add_columns(qw/cdid artist title year/);
+  __PACKAGE__->set_primary_key('cdid');
+  __PACKAGE__->add_unique_constraint(artist_title => [ qw/artist title/ ]);
+
+  1;
+
+  # In your application
+  my $cd = $schema->resultset('CD')->find_or_create({
+    cdid   => 5,
+    artist => 'Massive Attack',
+    title  => 'Mezzanine',
+    year   => 2005,
+  });
+
+Also takes an optional C<key> attribute, to search by a specific key or unique
+constraint. For example:
+
+  my $cd = $schema->resultset('CD')->find_or_create(
+    {
+      artist => 'Massive Attack',
+      title  => 'Mezzanine',
+    },
+    { key => 'artist_title' }
+  );
+
+See also L</find> and L</update_or_create>.
+
 =cut
 
 sub find_or_create {
   my $self     = shift;
-  my $hash     = ref $_[0] eq "HASH" ? shift: {@_};
-  my $exists   = $self->find($hash);
+  my $attrs    = (@_ > 1 && ref $_[$#_] eq 'HASH' ? pop(@_) : {});
+  my $hash     = ref $_[0] eq "HASH" ? shift : {@_};
+  my $exists   = $self->find($hash, $attrs);
   return defined($exists) ? $exists : $self->create($hash);
 }
 
+=head2 update_or_create
+
+  $class->update_or_create({ key => $val, ... });
+
+First, search for an existing row matching one of the unique constraints
+(including the primary key) on the source of this resultset.  If a row is
+found, update it with the other given column values.  Otherwise, create a new
+row.
+
+Takes an optional C<key> attribute to search on a specific unique constraint.
+For example:
+
+  # In your application
+  my $cd = $schema->resultset('CD')->update_or_create(
+    {
+      artist => 'Massive Attack',
+      title  => 'Mezzanine',
+      year   => 1998,
+    },
+    { key => 'artist_title' }
+  );
+
+If no C<key> is specified, it searches on all unique constraints defined on the
+source, including the primary key.
+
+If the C<key> is specified as C<primary>, search only on the primary key.
+
+=cut
+
+sub update_or_create {
+  my $self = shift;
+
+  my $attrs = (@_ > 1 && ref $_[$#_] eq 'HASH' ? pop(@_) : {});
+  my $hash  = ref $_[0] eq "HASH" ? shift : {@_};
+
+  my %unique_constraints = $self->{source}->unique_constraints;
+  my @constraint_names   = (exists $attrs->{key}
+                            ? ($attrs->{key})
+                            : keys %unique_constraints);
+
+  my @unique_hashes;
+  foreach my $name (@constraint_names) {
+    my @unique_cols = @{ $unique_constraints{$name} };
+    my %unique_hash =
+      map  { $_ => $hash->{$_} }
+      grep { exists $hash->{$_} }
+      @unique_cols;
+
+    push @unique_hashes, \%unique_hash
+      if (scalar keys %unique_hash == scalar @unique_cols);
+  }
+
+  my $row;
+  if (@unique_hashes) {
+    $row = $self->search(\@unique_hashes, { rows => 1 })->first;
+    if ($row) {
+      $row->set_columns($hash);
+      $row->update;
+    }
+  }
+
+  unless ($row) {
+    $row = $self->create($hash);
+  }
+
+  return $row;
+}
+
 =head1 ATTRIBUTES
 
 The resultset takes various attributes that modify its behavior.
=== lib/DBIx/Class/ResultSource.pm
==================================================================
--- lib/DBIx/Class/ResultSource.pm	(revision 549)
+++ lib/DBIx/Class/ResultSource.pm	(patch - level 1)
@@ -11,7 +11,7 @@
 __PACKAGE__->load_components(qw/AccessorGroup/);
 
 __PACKAGE__->mk_group_accessors('simple' =>
-  qw/_ordered_columns _columns _primaries name resultset_class result_class schema from _relationships/);
+  qw/_ordered_columns _columns _primaries _unique_constraints name resultset_class result_class schema from _relationships/);
 
 =head1 NAME 
 
@@ -131,21 +131,23 @@
   my @column_names = $obj->columns;
 
 Returns all column names in the order they were declared to add_columns
-                                                                                
-=cut                                                                            
 
+=cut
+
 sub columns {
   croak "columns() is a read-only accessor, did you mean add_columns()?" if (@_ > 1);
   return @{shift->{_ordered_columns}||[]};
 }
 
-=head2 set_primary_key(@cols)                                                   
-                                                                                
+=head2 set_primary_key(@cols)
+
 Defines one or more columns as primary key for this source. Should be
 called after C<add_columns>.
-                                                                                
-=cut                                                                            
 
+Additionally, defines a unique constraint named C<primary>.
+
+=cut
+
 sub set_primary_key {
   my ($self, @cols) = @_;
   # check if primary key columns are valid columns
@@ -154,18 +156,53 @@
       unless $self->has_column($_);
   }
   $self->_primaries(\@cols);
+
+  $self->add_unique_constraint(primary => \@cols);
 }
 
-=head2 primary_columns                                                          
-                                                                                
+=head2 primary_columns
+
 Read-only accessor which returns the list of primary keys.
 
-=cut                                                                            
+=cut
 
 sub primary_columns {
   return @{shift->_primaries||[]};
 }
 
+=head2 add_unique_constraint
+
+Declare a unique constraint on this source. Call once for each unique
+constraint.
+
+  # For e.g. UNIQUE (column1, column2)
+  __PACKAGE__->add_unique_constraint(constraint_name => [ qw/column1 column2/ ]);
+
+=cut
+
+sub add_unique_constraint {
+  my ($self, $name, $cols) = @_;
+
+  for (@$cols) {
+    $self->throw("No such column $_ on table ".$self->name)
+      unless $self->has_column($_);
+  }
+
+  my %unique_constraints = $self->unique_constraints;
+  $unique_constraints{$name} = $cols;
+  $self->_unique_constraints(\%unique_constraints);
+}
+
+=head2 unique_constraints
+
+Read-only accessor which returns the list of unique constraints on this source.
+
+=cut
+
+sub unique_constraints {
+  return %{shift->_unique_constraints||{}};
+}
+
 =head2 from
 
 Returns an expression of the source to be supplied to storage to specify


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